“shitsurei shima shita” vs. “sumi masen”:What You Need to Know.

0207-2020-shitsureishimashita-vs-sumimasen-learn-japanese-online-how-to-speak-japanese-language-for-beginners-basic-study-in-japan
Yuka

失礼しました vs すみません — both are apologies, but they fit very different situations. Knowing which to use will help you sound polished and appropriate in Japanese social and professional settings!

Rei

This distinction is especially important in business Japanese. Using the wrong word can sound either too casual or oddly stiff. Let's get it right!

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At a Glance

ExpressionReadingMeaningBest for
失礼しましたしつれいしましたI was rude / I apologize for the discourtesyApologizing for a breach of manners or professional conduct
すみませんすみませんI'm sorry / Excuse meGeneral apology, getting attention, mild inconvenience

失礼しました — Apologizing for Rudeness/Discourtesy

失礼しました literally means “I committed a rudeness” (失礼 = discourtesy/rudeness + しました = did). It's used specifically to apologize for a breach of social or professional protocol — being rude, interrupting, entering without knocking, leaving during a meeting, etc.

  • Leaving a meeting early: 失礼しました。
  • Interrupting someone: 失礼しました、少しよろしいですか?
  • Entering or departing: 失礼します (present) / 失礼しました (past)
  • Making an error in a formal context: 失礼しました、訂正します。
Yuka

お先に失礼します。
I'll leave ahead of you. (standard phrase when leaving work before others)

JapaneseEnglish
遅くなって失礼しました。I apologize for being late.
先にお電話すれば良かった。失礼しました。I should have called first. I apologize for the discourtesy.
失礼ですが、お名前を伺えますか?Excuse me, may I ask your name?

すみません — General Sorry / Excuse Me

すみません is the all-purpose apology and attention-getter. It covers a wide range of situations — from minor inconveniences to getting someone's attention. It's less formal than 失礼しました.

  • Calling a waiter: すみません!
  • Passing someone: すみません、通してください。
  • Being late: 遅れてすみません。
  • Asking a question: すみません、駅はどこですか?
Rei

A key difference: you say 失礼します when LEAVING (お先に失礼します — I'll be leaving now). You don't use すみません for departing. 失礼します is also used when answering a phone at work: 「はい、〇〇です。失礼します」when hanging up.

Side-by-Side Comparison

Situation失礼しましたすみません
Leaving work before othersお先に失礼します— (not used for departure)
Getting a waiter's attentionすみません!
Apologizing for interrupting失礼しましたLess precise
Being slightly late (casual)遅れてすみません
Being late (formal/business)遅くなり失礼しましたOK but less formal
Bumping into a strangerすみません

失礼します vs 失礼しました

Note the tense difference:

  • 失礼します (present) — I am excusing myself / I will commit this rudeness (now)
  • 失礼しました (past) — I have been rude / I apologize for that rudeness

Quick Quiz

Choose 失礼しました or すみません:

  • レストランで店員を呼ぶ → すみません
  • 会議を途中で退席する → 失礼します
  • うっかり上司に失礼なことを言った → 失礼しました
  • 道で人にぶつかった → すみません

More Japanese Lessons

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