“shōgo vs. yūgata vs. shin’ya”：How Do Native Speakers Use These?

2018年9月12日2022年6月25日

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“shōgo vs. yūgata vs. shin’ya”：How Do Native Speakers Use These?

Did you remember that we separate the time either 午前ごぜん (a.m.)(gozen) and 午後ごご (p.m.)(gogo) the previous lesson? We can separate the time not only 午前ごぜん (a.m.) and 午後ごご (p.m.), but it is also 正午しょうご(shōgo), 夕方ゆうがた(yūgata) and 深夜しんや(shin’ya) and native speakers quite often use them. Let me introduce how to correctly use them today!

正午しょうご(shōgo)

Noon / 12:00 p.m. / Midday

“正午しょうご(shōgo)” means “Noon, 12:00 p.m. and Midday”, and “正午しょうご” could be also called “午後0時ごごれいじ” or “午前12時ごぜんじゅうにじ(noon)”, however, native speakers don’t usually use these because they are quite complicated. So that’s why we use “正午しょうご” or “(お)昼ひるの12時じゅうにじ” instead of “午後0時ごごれいじ” and “午前12時ごぜんじゅうにじ“. Furthermore, basically, boys, girls and some women use “お昼ひるの12時じゅうにじ” and men use “昼ひるの12時じゅうにじ” in daily conversations as casual which mean “お昼ひる” sounds a little bit prettier than “昼ひる“. Additionally, using “正午しょうご” is a little bit formal than using “(お)昼ひるの12時じゅうにじ“, even they are the same meaning. Lastly, everybody could use “(お)昼ひるの12時じゅうにじ” as casual and “正午しょうご” is used in business situations. For your information, 1 p.m is “(お)昼ひるの1時いちじ” as casual or “午後1時ごごいちじ” as formal. However, “正午しょうご” and “午後1時ごごいちじ” are not that formal though.

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Sample

yuka

今何時いまなんじですか？ (What time is it?) (现在几点了？) (지금 몇 시예요?) (Xin hỏi bây giờ là mấy giờ ạ?) (ima nanji desu ka?)

tatsuya

ちょうど正午しょうごだよ。 (It’s just noon.) (正好是中午。) (딱 12시야.) (Đúng mười hai giờ rồi đấy.) (chōdo shōgo dayo.)

tatsuya

試合しあいは何時なんじに始はじまるの？ (What time does the game start?) (比赛什么时候开始？) (시합은 몇 시에 시작해?) (Trận đấu bằt đầu lúc mấy giờ vậy?) (shiai wa nanji ni hajimaru no?)

yuka

お昼ひるの12時じゅうにじに始はじまると思おもうよ。 (I think It starts at 12 p.m.) (我想会在中午12点开始。) (낮 12시에 시작할걸.) (Tôi nghĩ là sẽ bắt đầu lúc 12 giờ trưa.) (ohiru no jūniji ni hajimaru to omou yo.)

yuka

歯医者はいしゃの予約よやくはいつだっけ？ (When is your dentist appointment again?) (预约的牙医是什么时间来着？) (치과 예약한 날이 언제더라?) (Hẹn với nha sĩ là lúc nào ấy nhỉ?) (haisha no yoyaku wa itsu dakke?)

tatsuya

昼ひるの2時にじだよ。 (It’s at 2 p.m.) (是下午两点。) (낮 2시야.) (Lúc 2 giờ trưa đấy.) (hiru no niji dayo.)

夕方ゆうがた (yūgata)

Early evening (Around 4 to 6 p.m.)

“夕方ゆうがた(yūgata)” means “Early evening” and the time is around 4 to 6 p.m. “夕方ゆうがた” which wouldn’t be “お夕方ゆうがた” such as “お昼ひる“. “夕方ゆうがた” has been used just “夕方ゆうがた___時じ” or “夕方ゆうがたの___時じ” if you want to tell the specific time to someone. For example, “夕方ゆうがた(の)4時よじ(4 o’clock in the evening)”, “夕方ゆうがた(の)5時ごじ(5 o’clock in the evening)”, “夕方ゆうがた(の)6時ろくじ頃ごろ(around 6 o’clock in the evening)”. Furthermore, after 6 p.m., native speakers use “夜よる___時じ” or “夜よるの___時じ” such as “夜よる(の)7時しちじ(7 o’clock at night)”, “夜よる(の)9時半くじはん(9:30 at night)”, “夜よる(の)11時じゅういちじ(11 o’clock at night)”. After 11 or 12 at night, I mentioned that blow. When putting “の” such as “夕方ゆうがたの” and “夜よるの”, they sound a little bit milder than just “夕方ゆうがた___時じ” and “夜よる___時じ“. They are used in daily conversations as casual and business situations as well.

yuka

あ、たつや！昨日きのうの夕方ゆうがた何なにしてたの？ (Hi Tatsuya! What were you doing yesterday evening?) (哦，达也！你昨天傍晚做了什么？) (아, 타츠야! 어제 저녁때 뭐 했어?) (Này, Tatsuya! Tối hôm qua cậu đã làm gì thế?) (a, tatsu ya! kinō no yūgata nani shiteta no?)

tatsuya

昨日きのうの夕方ゆうがた？んー、テレビ見みてたよ！ (Yesterday evening? Let me see, I was watching show-biz.) (昨天傍晚？嗯，我在看电视啊！) (어제 저녁? 음, TV 봤어!) (Tối hôm qua? Ờ để xem nào.. xem tivi đấy!) (kinō no yūgata? n-, terebi miteta yo!)

tatsuya

明日あした、いつから会あえる？ (Tomorrow, since when can I meet you?) (明天什么时候能见面？) (내일 언제쯤 만날래?) (Ngày mai mình có thể gặp lúc nào?) (ashita, itsu kara aeru?)

yuka

夕方ゆうがたがいいな！ (I prefer at early evening.) (傍晚比较好。) (저녁이 좋아!) (Chiều tối đi!) (yūgata ga ī na!)

tatsuya

夕方ゆうがたの5時頃ごじごろに着つくよ！ (I’m gonna be there around 5 p.m.) (我下午5点左右到！) (저녁 5시쯤 도착해!) (Tớ sẽ đến nơi lúc 5 giờ chiều nhé!) (yūgata no goji goro ni tsuku yo!)

深夜しんや (shin’ya)

Midnight / 12:00 a.m. / Twelve o’clock at night / (Around 12 to 3 a.m.)

“深夜しんや(shin’ya)” means “Midnight, 12:00 a.m. and twelve o’clock at night”. Time-wise, around 12 a.m. to 3 a.m. and native speakers use “深夜しんや___時じ” or “夜中よなか(の)___時じ” such as “深夜しんや0時れいじ(twelve o’clock at night)”, “夜中よなか(の)2時にじ(two in the morning)”, etc. Using “深夜しんや____時じ” is a little bit formal than using “夜中よなか(の)___時じ“. Just a little bit though. When putting “の” such as “夜中よなかの___時じ“, it sounds a little bit milder than just “夜中よなか___時じ“.

tatsuya

昨日きのうは深夜しんやまで働はたらいたよ。 (Yesterday, I worked till midnight.) (昨天我一直工作到深夜。) (어제는 밤 늦게까지 일했어.) (Hôm qua tớ đã làm việc đến tận khuya đấy.) (kinō wa shin’ya made hataraita yo.)

yuka

昨日何時きのうなんじに寝ねたの？ (What time did you go to bed?) (你昨天几点睡？) (어제 몇 시에 잤어?) (Hôm qua mấy giờ cậu đi ngủ?) (kinō nanji ni neta no?)

tatsuya

夜中よなかの1時いちじくらいだよ。 (It was around 1 a.m.) (半夜一点左右呢。) (새벽 1시쯤에.) (Khoảng 1 giờ đêm.) (yonaka no ichiji kurai dayo.)

yuka

えっ？もう夜中よなかの0時れいじ40分よんじゅっぷんだよ。おやすみー！ (Wow!! It’s already 40 past midnight. Goodnight!!) (咦？已经半夜0:40了。晚安！) (어? 벌써 밤 0시 40분이야. 잘자!) (Ô? Đã mười hai giờ bốn mươi đêm rồi đấy. Ngủ ngon nhé!) ( e? mō yonaka no reiji yon juppun dayo. oyasumi-!)

tatsuya

タクシーの深夜しんや料金りょうきんって高たかいよなー？ (The late night fee of the taxi is quite expensive, isn’t it?) (出租车的夜间加价太贵了呗。) (택시 심야요금 비싸지?) (Tiền taxi tối khuya chắc mắc lắm nhỉ?) (takushī no shin’ya ryōkin tte takai yona-?)